{"id":775,"date":"2025-12-11T08:29:56","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T08:29:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.materialstests.com\/?p=775"},"modified":"2025-12-11T08:29:58","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T08:29:58","slug":"understanding-astm-d4974-hot-air-shrinkage-test-for-yarn-and-cord","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.materialstests.com\/ar\/news\/understanding-astm-d4974-hot-air-shrinkage-test-for-yarn-and-cord.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0647\u0645 ASTM D4974: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0642\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0634\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 - \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 - \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ASTM D4974: \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ASTM D4974 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (MRG) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646: \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646<\/strong><\/a> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM D4974. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062f \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0643\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 ASTM D4974 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 177 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (350 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a) \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 0.05 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0631 (gpd). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 0.01 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0643\u0631 (gpd) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633.
\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 ASTM D4974 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 190 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 10 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 ASTM D4974 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 177 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627.
\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM D4974\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637.
\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 ASTM D4974\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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